Subsistence Agriculture And Economic Development - 915 Words

1) Mellor, J. W. (2008). Subsistence agriculture economic development (C. R. Wharton, Ed.). Piscataway, NJ: AldineTransaction. Mellor s Chapter 7: The Subsistence Farmer in Traditional Economies in Sustainable Agriculture Economic Development explores how the traditional farming in developing countries such as Sudan is shifting. They are referred to as transitional agricultures, as they are adapting to influence and income form developed, wealthier nations. Focussing mostly on the â€Å"microeconomics of subsistence farms,† Mellor looks at the values of farmers, how they impact or impede upon change, along with exploring development policy in traditional regions. Using graphs and statistics from around the world, he explores topics such as the potential correlation between labour impute and product output as technological advances are incorporated. As Sudan has a long history of traditional farming, along with being a country with deep poverty, this article is useful in addressing these setbacks in acquiring and transitioning to using new technology and farming methods (Mellor, 2008). 2) Darbo, S. (2015, May 28). Sudan. Retrieved from http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/fileadmin/uploads/aeo/2015/CN_data/CN_Long_EN/Sudan_GB_2015.pdf A detailed look into the current economic state of Sudan, Darbo uses graphs, charts and many statistics to explore how the country is currently standing. Particularly looking at how South Sudan’s departure from the country impacted theShow MoreRelatedSubsistence Agriculture vs. Industrial-Style Animal Farming708 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Contrast subsistence agriculture and industrial-style animal farming. Subsistence farming is the most basic of farming methods where a small plot of land is cultivated by an individual, a family or a community just to feed their hungry mouths. All the produce is consumed by the family and not intended for sale outside. The experts believe that this kind of farming is almost primeval and needs to change quickly to the industrialized mode all over the world, if abject poverty and famine are toRead MoreThe Development Of Rural Development1405 Words   |  6 PagesRural development can be referred to as actions and initiatives to improve the socio-economic life in villages and non-urban neighborhoods. It involves provision of social, physical, and institutional infrastructural facilities. Agricultural development is transforming from a traditional level to a market oriented one. According to Okonkwor (1987), agricultural development is a process of change not fully from the traditional and subsistence mode to more productive and commercialized enterprises Read MoreIntroduction. Food Security Is A Fundamental And Growing1317 Words   |  6 Pagesof the highest levels of food insecurity and poverty in the world. However, the agriculture sector also provides Timor-Leste’s most promising opportunity to develop, reinvent, and implement systems that address underlying threats to food security and economic growth. This essay aims to provide some background on the issue of food security in Timor-Leste, explore the current political situation in regards to agriculture and food production, and highlight potential opportunities for the nation to createRead MoreThe Great Laws Of Nature : Indigenous Organic Agriculture784 Words   |  4 Pagespromote the consumption of locally grown food through organic frelated to survival and subsistence for many people worldwide. Based on these seven UNESCO criteria, organic farmers’ knowledge would qualify as indigenous knowledge (Sumner, 2006). In resonance with the understanding of organic k nowledge as indigenous knowledge, a Canadian documentary video, titled â€Å"the great laws of nature: indigenous organic agriculture† reflects and confirms the concept of indigenous knowledge as organic farmer’s knowledgeRead MoreSupply Chain And Its Effect On Farmers1087 Words   |  5 Pagesproduction capacity and market access, farmers either benefit from supermarkets through productivity spillovers and increased demand, or they get stuck in a low productivity trap with limited interaction with the supermarket sector. Supply chain development initiated by supermarkets can help farmers escape the low productivity trap. Supermarkets face a short-run cost, but gradually benefit from the agricultural skill upgrading in terms of increased market share. Our result suggests that when farmersRead MoreThe Egyptian Cultural Heritage Program Essay1167 Words   |  5 Pagesconditions in Egypt and how it impacted agriculture and the economic foundation of the Egyptian civilization (Hassan 1997:53-54). On the other hand, Hassan’s (1986:484) study focuses on the fieldwork he conducted in the Western Faiyum in 1981 and Biyahum in 1982 in order to provide geoarchaeological data for the â€Å"Faiyum Archaeology Project†. He investigates the rise and drop in lake levels in Faiyum and Biyahum and the impact it may have had in shaping prehistoric subsistence and settlement patterns aroundRead MoreSubsistence Agriculture1458 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion #1 How is intensive subsistence agriculture distinguished from extensive subsistence cropping? Why, in your opinion, have such different land use form s developed in separate areas of the warm, moist tropics? Intensive agriculture is the primary subsistence pattern of large-scale, populous societies. It results in much more food being produced per acre compared to other subsistence patterns. Beginning about 5,000 years ago, the development of intensive farming methods became necessary asRead MoreThe Agricultural And Food Sciences1713 Words   |  7 PagesUNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES Internationally Educated Agrologists Post-Baccalaureate Diploma Program (IEAP) AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA AGRI 4000-PRACTICING THE PROFESSION OF AGROLOGIST Nathaniel Akinkunmi 7764897 Introduction The agriculture industry in Nigeria has opportunities that are not maximized due to challenges it is facing. Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with a population of 177,155,754 and was governed byRead MoreAdvantages to the Industrial Revolution in Early Modern Europe1540 Words   |  7 Pageswith resistance by the everyday-labourer and his family, these ideas were necessary for the nations economic development and sustainability. The Industrial Revolution was advantageous to society at the time because it provided the population with the means to provide needed materials through developments in mechanization, laboured work, as well as agriculture – but conformed to Malthus’ subsistence model by having citizens living together in slums located in urban areas close to their workplace,Read MoreAgriculture1692 Words   |  7 PagesZambia’s agriculture has the potential of enhancing economic growth and reducing poverty. Good agricultural policies and a well performing agricultural sector translates into significant improvements in the country’s Gross Do mestic Product (GDP), employment generation, and broadens the country’s tax base since the livelihoods of the majority of Zambians depend on agricultural-related activities such as farming. The sector, if well developed, should contribute significantly to welfare improvement

Born This Way Free Essays

Okonkwo was a hero in Ibo society, initially, because of his devotion to tradition and religion. He was a hero, also, because of his unbreakable resolve, his ambition to be great, and his hard work ethic. Okonkwo’s fall from hero status is a microcosm of the Ibo society’s lost of values which made it an esteemed society. We will write a custom essay sample on Born This Way or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both Okonkwo and the Ibo society itself abandoned their traditions, religious beliefs, and lost their positions of strength. Okonkwo was a hero in the Ibo society because; he was devoted to tradition, religion, and the rules. Okonkwo stood firm against the religious and political orders that the Europeans brought to Umofia. Even though Okonkwo said that he was doing what was best for his society, he also was fearful of the change to a new culture and a new tradition that would change his high stature in the society, â€Å"[a]n abominable religion has settled among you. A man can now leave his father and his brothers. He can curse gods of his fathers and his ancestors, like a hunter’s dog that suddenly goes mad and turns on his master. I fear for you; I fear for you the clan† (Achebe 124). This was problematic for Okonkwo because his sense of his own worth was dependent upon how the society judged him. Okonkwo was a hero because of his unbreakable resolve, his ambition to be great and his hard work ethic, â€Å"[h]e had a slight stammer and whenever he was angry and could not get his words out quickly enough, he would use his fists had no patience with unsuccessful men. † (Achebe 5). Okonkwo’s behavior was the result of having a father who was poor, soft, and did not claim any title in his life time. Okonkwo struggled not to become a weak and lazy man like his father. He believed that he had to be strong, hard working, and become well respected by his village but, he was afraid of failure. Okonkwo took on opposite beliefs such as being wealthy, brave and anything else that would not make him look like an agabla, or feminine. Okonkwo’s life began to fall apart after three incidents; first when he killed Ikemefuma, who was someone who lived with him and was like a son to him but he did it because he wanted to appear to be brave. Next, he was exiled from the clan for seven years. Okonkwo knew that he lost his standing in the Ibo society because of his exile. Okonkwo’s awareness of his lost of stature in the Ibo society was conveyed by the narrator when he said, â€Å"he had lost the chance to lead his warlike clan against the new religion, which, he was told, had gained ground. [h]e had lost the years in which he might have taken the highest titles in the land† (Achebe 121). His ambitions of being rich and powerful became obsolete, because of his exile. His final downfall was when Nwoye, his oldest and favorite son, converted to Christianity. This deeply depressed Okonkwo because he had not only high hopes for Nwoye, but he was his heir. Being robbed of a position of strength and not being able to resist change was the downfall of the Ibo culture. As soon as the white people came to Umofia everything that the tribe had once stood for was slowly becoming obsolete, â€Å"Now he has won out brothers, and our clan can no longer act like one. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart† (Achebe 125). Okonkwo felt betrayed by the members of the tribe whom he had once seen as great warrior like men. Okonkwo believed that if he had not been exiled he would have prevented people from converting to Christianity. He was also disappointed in the behavior of his clan members. â€Å"Okonkwo was deeply grieved. And it was not just a personal grief. He mourned for the clan, which he saw breaking up and falling apart and he mourned for the warlike men of Umuofia, who had unaccountably become soft like women† (Achebe 129). The clan members that he knew and remembered would have driven out the white men long ago. Okonkwo’s feelings of disappointment of the new society that had taken over Umofia, lost of esteem, lost of cultural identity, guilt and disappointment in his clan members led him to commit suicide. Okonkwo started out with everything he wanted, barns filled with yams, wives, children, being a warrior, and a well-respected, hardworking member of the society. He had a plan for his life but the plan fell apart. He lost the traditions that he loved and cherished. He viewed the white missionaries as a threat to the way he wanted his life to be in his society. He was not flexible and did not want to change. Despite his self assessment, Okonkwo actually does adhere to his values. The Ibo culture has changed; but Okonkwo, while he was exiled (or maybe because he was exiled) does not take on the culture values of European society. He could have only become accepted in the changed culture if he, himself, had accepted the new culture, and changed himself. This change was not a change that Okonkwo wanted to evolve into. He believed that he was born that way and could not and would not change his beliefs. He did it the way he wanted to and ended his life. How to cite Born This Way, Papers

Occupational Health and Safety Organizations †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Disucuss about the Occupational Health and Safety Organizations. Answer: Introduction: Businesses are started for various purposes which include the provision of goods and services in exchange for monetary considerations. Most of the businesses employ other people to help in operations of the business. The employed people should be provided with a safe workplace that is free from harmful substances that may cause health complications, injuries and even sometimes death. It is the sole responsibility of the employer to ensure that the workplace is safe and do anything possible to ensure that his/her employees are protected (Gold, et al.2012, p.30). The employees, on the other hand, are supposed to follow the procedures and policies developed to ensure their safety. Failure to protect employees by the employer, the employer will be liable to pay for the damages caused, be fined, be convicted or both. The duty of care to the employees. Employers have the duty and responsibility to ensure that their employees are protected from risks that may cause injuries and other health complications. The employers under the law are supposed to make sure that the employee's health and well-being are ensured (Sorensen, et al.2013, p.12). The employer should take the necessary action that will ensure that the plants and machinery used in the organizations are safe to use. The machines should be well fixed and maintained to ensure that they cannot cause any injuries to the employees. The machines should also have manuals that will help the people operating them on how to use them. The employers should develop policies that will ensure that employees do not tamper with the machines because this can cause injuries. It is also the legal responsibility of the employer to ensure that the safe working practices in the business are followed by all the employees. Employees who do not adhere to the practices should be warned and advised on the importance of following the safety practices. The employees who do not adhere to the safety practices can also be dismissed by not following the safety regulations of the company (Schulte, et al.2014, p.2153). It is also the responsibility of the employer to ensure that right warning signs are issued and followed. Not only do the signs help the warning signs help the employer to ensure the safety of his employees, but the warning signs will also assist the employer avoid legal obligations caused by injuries to employees who do not follow the set safety practices. It is the legal responsibility of the employer to ensure employees are trained on safety practices in a language that all the employees can understand. This measure will ensure that all the employees have understood on how to follow the safety policies and procedures developed by the employer (Robson, et al.2012, p.200). The employer should also put a post in a strategic location in the business where employees can learn about their rights and responsibilities. The poster should be written in a language that all the employees who can read can understand. This will help to ensure that employees are aware of the part they are supposed to play to ensure that the workplace safety is enhanced. It is the legal responsibility of the employer to ensure that a comprehensive risk assessment is conducted. The employer should ensure that it seeks services of experts in workplace safety management to ensure that the risks that can cause injuries to the employees are noted and documented (D?jus, and Antuchevi?ien?, 2013, p.730). The risk assessment can also be conducted by an employee who is trained in safety and health matters. The employees should also be informed of the health hazards that may occur in the process of conducting their duties and how they are protected from such hazards. Employers should also consult employees on their issues and whether the enacted policies and procedures are enough to ensure that the workplace is safe. It is also the legal responsibility of the employer to ensure that employees injured in the process of carrying out their duties in the business receive the best medical care that will ensure that the employees recover well (Zanko, and Dawson, 2012, p.336). The employee is also liable to pay for the damages caused to the employees in the cause of performing their duties. Under the tort of negligence, the employer is supposed to pay for the damages as instructed by the court. The employer can also be fined, jailed or both in some cases where the employer has failed to set practices, policies, and procedures that will ensure health and safety management in an organization. References D?jus, T. and Antuchevi?ien?, J., 2013. Assessment of health and safety solutions at a construction site. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 19(5), pp.728-737. Gold, P.B., Oire, S.N., Fabian, E.S. and Wewiorski, N.J., 2012. Negotiating reasonable workplace accommodations: Perspectives of employers, employees with disabilities, and rehabilitation service providers. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 37(1), pp.25-37. Robson, L.S., Stephenson, C.M., Schulte, P.A., Amick III, B.C., Irvin, E.L., Eggerth, D.E., Chan, S., Bielecky, A.R., Wang, A.M., Heidotting, T.L. and Peters, R.H., 2012. A systematic review of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety training. Scandinavian journal of work, environment health, pp.193-208. Schulte, P.A., Geraci, C.L., Murashov, V., Kuempel, E.D., Zumwalde, R.D., Castranova, V., Hoover, M.D., Hodson, L. and Martinez, K.F., 2014. Occupational safety and health criteria for responsible development of nanotechnology. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 16(1), p.2153. Sorensen, G., McLellan, D., Dennerlein, J.T., Pronk, N.P., Allen, J.D., Boden, L.I., Okechukwu, C.A., Hashimoto, D., Stoddard, A. and Wagner, G.R., 2013. Integration of health protection and health promotion: rationale, indicators, and metrics. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine/American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55(12 0), p.S12. Zanko, M. and Dawson, P., 2012. Occupational health and safety management in organizations: A review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(3), pp.328-344.